HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
While assessing a client who takes acetaminophen for chronic pain, the nurse observes that the client’s skin looks yellow in color. Which action should the nurse take in response to this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Yellow skin suggests jaundice, indicating potential liver damage from acetaminophen, which is hepatotoxic in high doses. Reporting to the provider ensures evaluation and possible dose adjustment. Glucose, oxygen saturation, or self-reducing the dose are inappropriate without further assessment.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 26-year-old female with acute appendicitis. She has a 12-year history of type 1 diabetes and no other significant medical history. The appendectomy was completed without issue, and the client will be admitted to the surgical floor to recover.
Nurses notes
0730
Admitted the client. She is awake and alert. She rates her pain 2/10. Her pulses are equal bilaterally. Heart rate is 76 beats per minute, normal sinus rhythm. Her oxygen saturation is 100% on room air. She has a gauze dressing over her surgical site, which is clean and dry. Her temperature is 98.5° F (37° C). She urinated 50 ml upon arrival in the unit and is stating she is very thirsty. The patient states her last insulin glargine dose was this morning before surgery.
Laboratory results
Point of care blood glucose 279 mg/dL (15.5 mmol/L)
Orders
Admit to the surgical floor
Dextrose 5% and 0.9% sodium chloride to infuse at 125 mL/hr
Advance diet as tolerated
Insulin glargine 12 units subcutaneous every 12 hours
Ceftriaxone 2 g IV every 24 hours for 3 days, first dose given in surgery
Insulin lispro 1 unit subcutaneously per 15 carbohydrates
Flow sheet
2 units of insulin lispro given
The nurse administers the insulin lispro at 0745 and documents it in the chart.
Question 2 of 5
Exhibits:Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement(s) by selecting from the lists of options provided.The nurse should expect for the insulin lispro to start working at ____ and to peak at ____.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Insulin lispro, a rapid-acting insulin, begins working in 10-20 minutes and peaks at 1-2 hours, aligning with its pharmacokinetic profile for rapid glucose control. The 15-30 minute onset is less accurate.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A client in the surgical recovery area asks the nurse to bring the largest possible dose of pain medication available. Which action should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessing the client’s pain level using a pain scale provides objective data to determine the appropriate dose and urgency of pain management, guiding safe administration. Diversional strategies, drug history, or prior dose timing are secondary to understanding current pain intensity.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 54-year-old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. He takes spironolactone 25 mg per day, metformin 500 mg twice a day, and 25 units of insulin glargine
Orders
• prescription for captopril 25mg by mouth twice a day
Laboratory Test
Hemoglobin A1C
• Result- 6.8%
• Reference Range- 4 to 5.9%
Question 4 of 5
The provider would like the client to continue with the captopril dose and restart the spironolactone. The provider wants the client to return to the clinic in 6 weeks with lab work done. What 2 labs would be most appropriate for this client to complete on their return visit?
Correct Answer: D,E,
Rationale: Captopril and spironolactone can cause renal impairment and hyperkalemia. Kidney function tests (e.g.creatinine) and electrolyte panels (e.g. potassium) monitor these risks. Coagulation cardiac enzymes osmolality and blood counts are less relevant."
Extract:
Patient Data
The client is a 54-year-old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. He takes spironolactone 25 mg per day, metformin 500 mg twice a day, and 25 units of insulin glargine.
History and PhysicalOrders
prescription for captopril 25mg by mouth twice a day
Find information about a client below.
Exhibits
The client is in the provider’s office for a physical. He states that he has been monitoring his blood pressure, but it is continuing to go up.
Question 5 of 5
The physician has given the client a prescription for captopril.Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement(s) by selecting from the lists of options provided. Captopril is a ------------ that works by------------------.
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to II, relaxing blood vessels, and lowering blood pressure. Non-steroidal, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and aldosterone antagonists are different classes.