HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which laboratory report finding would support the nurse's conclusion that a patient has thalassemia major? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Increased bilirubin, reticulocyte levels, and total iron-binding capacity are seen in thalassemia major due to hemolysis, bone marrow response, and increased iron absorption.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse suspects that which condition associated with chronic heart failure is the cause of a patient's inability to sleep well due to frequent urination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased renal perfusion in the supine position causes nocturia in heart failure due to fluid redistribution from the lower extremities to the kidneys when lying down.
Question 3 of 5
Which acid-base mechanism would the kidney use to buffer a patient's acidosis (serum pH <7.35)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: The kidneys buffer acidosis by eliminating excess hydrogen ions (H+) and reabsorbing additional bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) to neutralize acid and raise pH.
Question 4 of 5
After noting that a patient with leukemia has thrombocytopenia, which action will the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inspecting the skin for bruising or petechiae is specific to thrombocytopenia, as petechiae are small, red or purple dots that appear on the skin when platelet count is low, indicating a bleeding tendency.
Question 5 of 5
A female patient with chronic hypertension is admitted to the emergency department with a sudden rise in blood pressure (BP). Which question is the priority for the nurse to ask the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sudden rise in blood pressure can indicate a hypertensive crisis, and assessing for neurological symptoms like headache or confusion is crucial to identify potential target organ damage.