HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient who smokes reports chest pain while at rest. Which condition would the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prinzmetal angina, also known as variant angina, typically occurs at rest due to coronary artery spasms, which aligns with the patient's symptoms of chest pain at rest.
Question 2 of 5
A healthy 70-year-old patient has low hemoglobin levels and no signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. The nurse recognizes which item is an effect of aging that could be the reason for the low hemoglobin level?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aging often leads to a decrease in the efficiency of nutrient absorption, including iron. This decrease in intestinal absorption of iron can result in low hemoglobin levels in elderly individuals. It's a common cause of anemia in the elderly population.
Question 3 of 5
The arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient who overdosed on barbiturates are pH = 7.32, PaCO2 = 52, and HCO3 = 23. Which interpretation would the nurse rely on when planning the patient's care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The given ABG results indicate a low pH (acidosis), an elevated PaCO2 (respiratory component), and a normal HCO3 (metabolic component). The low pH and increased PaCO2 suggest respiratory acidosis.
Question 4 of 5
Which role is attributed to the base in the acid-base balance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bases, like bicarbonate, promote acid excretion by neutralizing hydrogen ions, aiding in maintaining acid-base balance.
Question 5 of 5
A patient reports episodic chest pain lasting a few minutes that is provoked by exertion and relieved within 10 minutes upon resting. Which cause of the patient's symptoms would the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease causes chest pain provoked by exertion and relieved by rest, characteristic of stable angina.