HESI RN
Nightdale College HESI Pharmacology RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
To control asthma, a client in a residential treatment facility uses a fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system, which provides an inhaled powdered form of these combined medications. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers? Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client's caregivers?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The fluticasone/salmeterol discus is a maintenance therapy, used twice daily to prevent asthma symptoms. Instructing caregivers to limit use to twice daily ensures adherence and prevents overuse. Breathing into the mouthpiece wastes medication, the discus is not for acute attacks, and salmeterol may increase blood pressure.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse admits a client with a diagnosis of stage 4 cancer. The client has a prescription to wear a subcutaneous morphine sulfate patch for pain. The client is short of breath and difficult to arouse. While performing a head to toe assessment, the nurse discovers four patches on the client's body. Which action should the nurse take first? Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Multiple morphine patches indicate an overdose, causing respiratory depression and sedation. Removing the patches stops further drug absorption, addressing the root cause. Oxygen or reversal drugs may follow, but removing the source is the priority to prevent worsening of the overdose.
Question 3 of 5
A client receives a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse that the education was effective? Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse that the education was effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Levothyroxine is best absorbed on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before breakfast, to ensure optimal efficacy. High-iodine foods may affect thyroid function, bedtime dosing risks insomnia, and iron supplements should be taken separately but not avoided entirely, making the empty stomach statement the most accurate indicator of effective education.
Question 4 of 5
A client who is taking an oral contraceptive receives a new prescription for erythromycin. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client? Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erythromycin can reduce oral contraceptive efficacy by increasing metabolism. Using an additional contraceptive method, like condoms, prevents unintended pregnancy during and after the antibiotic course. Stopping the contraceptive or timing doses apart is not effective, and photosensitivity is not a concern with erythromycin.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse prepares to administer a scheduled dose of labetalol by mouth to a client with hypertension. The client's vital signs are temperature 99° F (37.2° C), heart rate 48 beats/minute, respirations 16 breaths/minute, and blood pressure (B/P) 150/90 mm Hg. Which action should the nurse take? Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Labetalol, a beta-blocker, can worsen bradycardia (heart rate 48 beats/minute). Withholding the dose and notifying the provider prevents potential cardiac complications, such as severe bradycardia or heart block, prioritizing client safety.