HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
To control asthma, a client in a residential treatment facility uses a fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system, which provides an inhaled powdered form of these combined medications. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client’s caregivers? Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client’s caregivers?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus is a maintenance medication designed for twice-daily use, approximately 12 hours apart. Using it more frequently increases the risk of side effects without additional benefit. It is not intended for acute asthma attacks, which require a short-acting bronchodilator like albuterol.
Question 2 of 5
A client with chronic lower back pain has been taking ibuprofen PO twice a day for several months. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to complete? Which assessment is most important for the nurse to complete?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Long-term ibuprofen use can cause gastrointestinal complications, such as ulcers or bleeding. Abdominal pain may indicate these issues, making it the most critical assessment to monitor for potential adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes magnesium sulfate 300 mg/hour IV. The IV bag contains magnesium sulfate 4 grams in dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 500 mL. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump?
Correct Answer: 37.5
Rationale: 4 grams = 4000 mg; concentration = 4000 mg ÷ 500 mL = 8 mg/mL; infusion rate = 300 mg/hour ÷ 8 mg/mL = 37.5 mL/hour.
Question 4 of 5
A client with nasal congestion receives a prescription for phenylephrine 10 mg PO every 4 hours. Which client condition should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering the medication? Which client condition should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenylephrine causes vasoconstriction, which can elevate blood pressure. In clients with hypertension, this can worsen the condition and lead to cardiovascular complications, necessitating reporting to the healthcare provider.
Question 5 of 5
A client who is taking an oral contraceptive receives a new prescription for erythromycin. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client? Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erythromycin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives by increasing the metabolism of the hormones, leading to a higher risk of unintended pregnancy. Using an additional form of contraception, such as condoms, is recommended to prevent unintended pregnancy while taking both medications.