HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) started a prescription for epoetin alfa two months ago. Which client finding best indicates that the medication is effective? Which client finding best indicates that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production. An increase in hemoglobin to 12 g/dL objectively indicates effective treatment of anemia.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has been prescribed gabapentin 300 mg by mouth (PO) three times a day for postherpetic neuralgia. Which symptom should the nurse tell the client to report to the healthcare provider? Which symptom should the nurse tell the client to report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gabapentin can cause fluid retention, leading to rapid weight gain, which may signal serious issues like heart or kidney problems. This symptom requires prompt reporting to the healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Question 3 of 5
A client receives a prescription for allopurinol. Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse? Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Doubling the dose of allopurinol if a dose is missed is incorrect and dangerous, as it can increase the risk of toxicity. The client should take the missed dose as soon as remembered, unless it’s nearly time for the next dose, then continue the regular schedule.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse? Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission, it does not completely prevent it. The statement that it 'prevents' transmission overstates the effect, as preventive measures like condoms are still recommended despite an undetectable viral load.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new prescription for diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Which information in the client’s history is of greatest concern to the nurse in monitoring the client’s response to this medication? Which information in the client’s history is of greatest concern to the nurse in monitoring the client’s response to this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic alcoholism increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and liver damage, both potential side effects of NSAIDs like diclofenac. Alcohol exacerbates these risks, making it the most concerning factor to monitor.