HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse suspects that which condition associated with chronic heart failure is the cause of a patient's inability to sleep well due to frequent urination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased renal perfusion in the supine position causes nocturia in heart failure due to fluid redistribution from the lower extremities to the kidneys when lying down.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is diagnosed with primary hypertension and asks the nurse what caused the condition. Which response would the nurse give?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary hypertension, or essential hypertension, has no identifiable cause in most cases, distinguishing it from secondary hypertension.
Question 3 of 5
A patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) values include a pH of 7.48, a PaCO2 of 38, and an HCO3- of 30. Around which acid-base imbalance would the nurse plan the patient's care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis is indicated by a high pH (7.48) and elevated HCO3- (30 mEq/L), with normal PaCO2, suggesting no respiratory involvement.
Question 4 of 5
The arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient who overdosed on barbiturates are pH = 7.32, PaCO2 = 52, and HCO3 = 23. Which interpretation would the nurse rely on when planning the patient's care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The given ABG results indicate a low pH (acidosis), an elevated PaCO2 (respiratory component), and a normal HCO3 (metabolic component). The low pH and increased PaCO2 suggest respiratory acidosis.
Question 5 of 5
Which information would the nurse include when discussing pain due to chronic stable angina with the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic stable angina follows a predictable pattern, occurring intermittently with exertion and subsiding with rest, not typically at rest.