HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse suspects that a patient has polycythemia vera based on which finding in the patient's laboratory reports? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Increased hemoglobin and red blood cell levels are hallmark features of polycythemia vera, characterized by excessive red blood cell production.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse suspects that which condition associated with chronic heart failure is the cause of a patient's inability to sleep well due to frequent urination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased renal perfusion in the supine position causes nocturia in heart failure due to fluid redistribution from the lower extremities to the kidneys when lying down.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes that there is a difference in a patient's blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) when the patient changes position from supine to standing. The differences are a decrease of 20 mm Hg in systolic BP, a decrease of 10 mm Hg in diastolic BP, and an increase in the HR of 20 beats/minute. Which interpretation would the nurse make about the patient's condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The described changes suggest an auscultatory gap, a phenomenon during BP measurement that can lead to inaccurate readings, requiring careful technique.
Question 4 of 5
Which finding would the nurse expect to see in a patient with a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Conjunctival pallor and tachycardia (heart rate of 104 beats/min) are common in anemia, reflecting reduced hemoglobin and compensatory mechanisms.
Question 5 of 5
A female patient with chronic hypertension is admitted to the emergency department with a sudden rise in blood pressure (BP). Which question is the priority for the nurse to ask the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sudden rise in blood pressure can indicate a hypertensive crisis, and assessing for neurological symptoms like headache or confusion is crucial to identify potential target organ damage.