HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse receives a health care provider's prescription to change a patient's IV from D5. half-normal saline with 40 mEq KCl/L to DSNS with 20 mEq KCl/L. Which set of serum laboratory values supports the rationale for this IV prescription change?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal sodium (135 mEq/L) and potassium (3.6 mEq/L) levels support changing to a lower potassium IV (20 mEq KCl/L) to prevent hyperkalemia while maintaining hydration.
Question 2 of 5
Which role is attributed to the base in the acid-base balance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bases, like bicarbonate, promote acid excretion by neutralizing hydrogen ions, aiding in maintaining acid-base balance.
Question 3 of 5
Which acid-base mechanism would the kidney use to buffer a patient's acidosis (serum pH <7.35)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: The kidneys buffer acidosis by eliminating excess hydrogen ions (H+) and reabsorbing additional bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) to neutralize acid and raise pH.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse presents information to a group of nursing students about cultural and ethnic health disparities related to hypertension. Which information would the nurse include about the comparison of Mexican Americans to White and Black populations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mexican Americans have lower levels of awareness of hypertension and its treatment compared to White and Black populations, contributing to health disparities.
Question 5 of 5
Which treatment is likely to be planned for a patient who develops pernicious anemia after a gastrectomy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cobalamin replacement therapy is the standard treatment for pernicious anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency due to lack of intrinsic factor post-gastrectomy.