HESI RN
Nightdale College HESI Pharmacology RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing instructions about a client's new medications. How should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug? How should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Probenecid increases uric acid excretion in urine, reducing blood levels and preventing gout attacks. It does not affect urinary pain, urine stream strength, or kidney stone formation (it may increase stone risk), making uric acid excretion the correct purpose.
Question 2 of 5
To control asthma, a client in a residential treatment facility uses a fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system, which provides an inhaled powdered form of these combined medications. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers? Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client's caregivers?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The fluticasone/salmeterol discus is a maintenance therapy, used twice daily to prevent asthma symptoms. Instructing caregivers to limit use to twice daily ensures adherence and prevents overuse. Breathing into the mouthpiece wastes medication, the discus is not for acute attacks, and salmeterol may increase blood pressure.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse prepares to administer a scheduled dose of labetalol by mouth to a client with hypertension. The client's vital signs are temperature 99° F (37.2° C), heart rate 48 beats/minute, respirations 16 breaths/minute, and blood pressure (B/P) 150/90 mm Hg. Which action should the nurse take? Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Labetalol, a beta-blocker, can worsen bradycardia (heart rate 48 beats/minute). Withholding the dose and notifying the provider prevents potential cardiac complications, such as severe bradycardia or heart block, prioritizing client safety.
Question 4 of 5
A client with open-angle glaucoma asks the nurse how long the prescribed eye drops will need to be used. Which response made by the nurse is accurate? Which response is accurate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Open-angle glaucoma is a chronic condition requiring lifelong eye drop use to maintain normal intraocular pressure and prevent optic nerve damage. The drops are not for temporary pressure reduction, pain/swelling, or angle restoration, making long-term pressure control the accurate response.
Question 5 of 5
A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's plan of care? Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, can cause hyperkalemia. Limiting high-potassium foods like bananas and oranges prevents dangerous potassium elevations, which can lead to arrhythmias. Salt substitutes often contain potassium, and bruising or photosensitivity are not primary concerns.