HESI RN
Nightdale College HESI Pharmacology RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The health care provider prescribes the antibiotic tetracycline HCl for an adult client who arrived at an outpatient clinic. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client? Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tetracycline causes photosensitivity, increasing sunburn risk. Instructing the client to protect their skin from sunlight is critical to prevent skin damage. Other options, like taking with milk or orange juice, reduce absorption, and serum levels are not routinely monitored for tetracycline.
Question 2 of 5
A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's plan of care? Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, can cause hyperkalemia. Limiting high-potassium foods like bananas and oranges prevents dangerous potassium elevations, which can lead to arrhythmias. Salt substitutes often contain potassium, and bruising or photosensitivity are not primary concerns.
Question 3 of 5
A client with Parkinson's disease who is taking carbidopa/levodopa reports the urine appears to be darker in color. Which action should the nurse take? Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbidopa/levodopa can cause harmless darkening of urine due to its metabolites. Explaining this normal side effect reassures the client and prevents unnecessary interventions. Other actions like urine cultures or increased intake are not indicated unless additional symptoms suggest infection or dehydration.
Question 4 of 5
To control asthma, a client in a residential treatment facility uses a fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system, which provides an inhaled powdered form of these combined medications. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers? Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client's caregivers?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The fluticasone/salmeterol discus is a maintenance therapy, used twice daily to prevent asthma symptoms. Instructing caregivers to limit use to twice daily ensures adherence and prevents overuse. Breathing into the mouthpiece wastes medication, the discus is not for acute attacks, and salmeterol may increase blood pressure.
Question 5 of 5
When administering medications to a group of clients, which client should the nurse closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)? Which client should the nurse closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vancomycin is nephrotoxic, particularly with prolonged use or high doses, increasing AKI risk. Close monitoring of renal function, serum levels, and urine output is essential. Lorazepam, digoxin, and sucralfate have minimal renal impact and lower AKI risk.