Hesi Med Surg Exam 1

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is preparing a client for discharge who was recently diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in this client's discharge teaching plan?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Accurate cortisone administration is vital to manage Addison's disease and prevent adrenal crisis.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client who reports a sudden, severe facial numbness. The nurse observes an uneven smile with facial droop to the right side and a hand grasp strength that is weaker on the right than the left. The client denies a recent history of headaches or trauma. Which intervention should the nurse perform immediately?

A. Maintain elevated positioning of the dependent joints on the affected side. B. Verify prescribed laboratory tests include prothrombin time and platelet count. C. Start two large-bore IV catheters and review inclusion criteria for IV fibrinolytic therapy. D. Administer aspirin to prevent further clot formation and platelet clumping.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Symptoms suggestive of a stroke require immediate initiation of IV access and evaluation for fibrinolytic therapy to restore cerebral blood flow.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris who is receiving a psoralen and ultraviolet A light (PUVA) treatment. Which assessment finding indicates that the client has been overexposed to the treatment?

A. Brown, rough, greasy, wart-like papules on the face. B. Thick skin plaques topped by silvery white scales. C. Requires sunglasses because sunlight hurts eyes. D. Tenderness upon palpation and generalized erythema.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Tenderness and generalized erythema indicate overexposure to PUVA, signaling potential burns or excessive UV exposure.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to an older patient hospitalized for treatment of venous leg ulcers. What instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

A. The patient should eat a diet high in protein and vitamins A and C. B. The patient should keep their legs elevated when sitting or lying down. C. The patient should maintain as much bed rest as possible. D. The patient should inspect their ankles daily for areas of darkening skin. E. The patient should apply intermittent cold compresses four times daily.

Correct Answer: A,B,D

Rationale: A diet high in protein and vitamins A and C, leg elevation, and daily ankle inspections support healing and early detection of complications in venous leg ulcers.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse assesses a client with cirrhosis and finds 4+ pitting edema of the feet and legs, and massive ascites. Which mechanism contributes to edema.Concurrent and ascites in clients with cirrhosis?

A. Decreased renin-angiotensin response related to an increase in renal blood flow. B. Hypoalbuminemia that results in a decreased colloidal oncotic pressure. C. Hyperaldosteronism causing an increased sodium reabsorption in renal tubules. D. Decreased portacaval pressure with greater collateral circulation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypoalbuminemia reduces oncotic pressure, causing fluid to leak into tissues and abdomen, leading to edema and ascites.

Hesi Med Surg Exam 1 | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

HESI RN

HESI RN