HESI RN Med Surg Exam 3

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the unit for possible hyperthyroidism. The client describes weakness, nervousness, a racing heartbeat, and recent weight loss of 15 pounds (6.8 kg). Which action should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer: Monitoring the client's vital signs frequently is the first action the nurse should take. This helps assess the client's current condition, detect any immediate complications, and guide further interventions. It is crucial to ensure the client's stability before implementing other care measures.

Rationale:

Question 2 of 5

The home health nurse visits a client who has a serum sodium level of 123 me/L (123 mmol/L). To explore possible etiologist for this value, what question should the nurse ask the client?

A. Do you drink milk or eat dairy products at each meal? B. How much water and ice chips do you have each day? C. What amount of your daily meals contains fresh vegetables? D. How frequently do you eat processed or canned foods? G. B

Correct Answer: This question is most relevant because excessive water or ice chip intake can lead to dilutional hyponatremia. Identifying excessive fluid intake is critical in determining if this is the cause of the client's hyponatremia.

Rationale:

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) who has a history of a myocardial infarction (MI) and smokes two packs of cigarettes daily. Which instruction has the greatest priority?

A. Keep toenails trimmed short. B. Apply heating pad to soothe leg pain. C. Enrol in a smoking cessation program. D. Reduce intake of high saturated fats and salt. G. C

Correct Answer: Enrolling in a smoking cessation program is the highest priority, as smoking exacerbates PAD and increases cardiovascular risk.

Rationale:

Question 4 of 5

Which statement by a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) indicates the best understanding of proper skin care?

A. I should apply drying agents on my draining lesions every day. B. I need to make sure no one else comes in contact with my skin rash. C. Tanning booths are okay to use, but I need to stay out of direct sunlight. D. If I'm out in the sun, I need to use a very strong sunblock. G. D

Correct Answer: Using strong sunblock is crucial to protect skin and prevent flares in SLE.

Rationale:

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is assessing clients in an outpatient diabetic clinic. Which entry provides the best indication that the client is adhering to the prescribed diabetic regimen?

A. Haemoglobin A1C of 6.2%. B. Fasting plasma glucose of 189 mg/dL (10.49 mmol/L). C. Postprandial plasma glucose of 225 mg/dL (12.49 mmol/L). D. High-density lipoprotein of 40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L). G. A

Correct Answer: Haemoglobin A1C of 6.2% indicates good long-term blood glucose control, reflecting adherence to the regimen.

Rationale: