HESI RN
Nightdale College HESI Pharmacology RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client in acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective? Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate treats hyperkalemia by binding potassium in the gut. A serum potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (normal range) indicates effective reduction of potassium levels in AKI. Ammonia, hemoglobin, and glucose are not affected by this medication.
Question 2 of 5
A client reports confusion and blurred vision after receiving a dose of glipizide. Which action should the nurse implement? Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glipizide, a sulfonylurea, can cause hypoglycemia, manifesting as confusion and blurred vision. Obtaining a fingerstick blood glucose confirms hypoglycemia, guiding treatment. Neurological exams or vital signs are secondary, and glucagon is premature without confirmed low glucose.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse initiates an infusion of piperacillin-tazobactam for a client with a urinary tract infection. Five minutes into the infusion, the client reports not feeling well. Which client manifestation should the nurse identify as a reason to stop the infusion? Which manifestation should the nurse identify as a reason to stop the infusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A scratchy throat may signal an allergic reaction to piperacillin-tazobactam, a penicillin derivative, potentially progressing to anaphylaxis. Stopping the infusion immediately prevents severe complications. Other manifestations like bradycardia or hypertension are not typical allergic responses and require monitoring but not immediate cessation.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receives a new prescription for an ipratropium inhaler. Which action indicates to the nurse that additional teaching is needed? Which action indicates that additional teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Priming the ipratropium inhaler with 7 pumps is excessive, wasting medication. It requires only one spray to prime when first used or after 3 days. This action indicates a need for further teaching. Rinsing the mouth, proper storage, and using a spacer are correct practices.
Question 5 of 5
A client with nasal congestion receives a prescription for phenylephrine 10 mg by mouth every 4 hours. Which client condition should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering the medication? Which condition should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenylephrine, a vasoconstrictor, can elevate blood pressure, exacerbating hypertension and risking cardiovascular complications. Reporting this condition to the provider ensures safe administration. Diarrhea, bronchitis, or edema are not contraindications for phenylephrine.