HESI RN
RN HESI Pediatrics Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Parents of an infant with an inguinal hernia bring their child to the emergency department reporting that the hernia has changed in color to dark purple and child has not had a bowel movement in 24 hours. The nurse obtains a Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale score of 8 on initial assessment. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A dark purple hernia, no bowel movement, and high FLACC score suggest strangulation, a surgical emergency. Reporting to the provider ensures urgent evaluation. Fluid intake, manual reduction, or IV access are secondary to addressing this critical condition.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a school-age child with crusting and swollen eyelids, purulent drainage, and inflamed conjunctiva. The child receives a prescription for an ophthalmic antiinfective ointment. Which instruction should the nurse provide the child's caregivers during discharge education?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ophthalmic ointments often cause temporary blurry vision due to their consistency. Informing caregivers about this expected effect ensures treatment adherence and reduces concern. Discontinuing early risks incomplete treatment, wiping toward the eye can spread infection, and while wipes are useful, blurry vision education is the priority.
Question 3 of 5
Based on the child's diagnosis, he has mixed blood flow due to a left-to-right shunt within the ventricular septum _____.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The phrase 'across the ventricular septum' accurately describes the location of the left-to-right shunt in a ventricular septal defect, causing mixed blood flow.
Question 4 of 5
During a follow-up clinic visit, a mother tells the nurse that her 5-month-old son who had surgical correction for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) has rapid breathing, often takes a long time to eat, and requires frequent rest periods. The infant is not crying while being held and his growth is in the expected range. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid breathing and feeding difficulties post-TOF repair suggest possible cardiac or respiratory issues. Auscultating heart and lungs assesses for abnormalities, guiding further evaluation. FTT evaluation, inducing cyanosis, or ECG are less immediate.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 5-week-old infant presenting with a history of projectile vomiting after feedings. Which additional finding should the nurse expect to assess?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Projectile vomiting in a 5-week-old suggests pyloric stenosis, often accompanied by a palpable olive-sized mass in the epigastrium due to pyloric muscle hypertrophy. Mucus/blood in stool, rebound tenderness, or burping/poor feeding are less specific.