HESI RN
Hesi RN Medical Surg Questions
Extract:
Patient Data
History and Physical
A 34-year-old male client presents to the emergency department (ED) for an acute asthma attack which began after jogging through a local park. The client is able to answer questions, pausing every few words to catch his breath. The client reports using a rescue inhaler three times, but he just couldn't catch his breath. The client reports that symptoms seem worse when outdoors and when exercising and that episodes like this make him extremely nervous. The client reports that it has been a couple of months since he had an asthma attack, and he came to the ED today because he noticed that his inhaler was expired and was worried the medication was not working.
The nurse reviews the client's history of the presenting illness in the electronic medical record.
Question 1 of 5
Click to highlight the two pieces of key subjective data which indicate the client is in need of health interventions.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The ineffective use of the rescue inhaler indicates a severe asthma attack requiring intervention, and worsening symptoms with exercise suggest environmental triggers needing management.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
The nurse reviews discharge instructions with a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Remaining upright prevents gastric reflux by aiding stomach emptying, directly addressing GERD symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A client reports to the clinic nurse of recently experiencing symptoms of frequent urination, hunger, and great thirst. What finding(s) would the nurse consider as most significant to report to the healthcare provider? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Elevated glucose and HbA1C indicate diabetes, correlating with the client's symptoms and requiring urgent management.
Question 4 of 5
While caring for a client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the nurse performs a neurological assessment every four hours. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Weakened cough risks aspiration pneumonia, a life-threatening ALS complication requiring urgent intervention.
Question 5 of 5
The practical nurse (PN) is assisting in a community center clinic when four clients simultaneously arrive seeking help. In which order should the PN prioritize care to be provided based on the client needs? (Arrange the client with the highest priority first, on top, and lowest priority last, on bottom.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Prioritization is based on the urgency and potential life-threatening nature of the conditions. The asthma attack is the highest priority due to potential airway compromise. Hypoglycemia is next due to the risk of neurological complications. Bleeding lacerations pose a risk of infection and blood loss, and the incontinent episode is primarily psychosocial, making it the lowest priority.