HESI RN
Hesi RN Medical Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client reports to the clinic nurse of recently experiencing symptoms of frequent urination, hunger, and great thirst. What finding(s) would the nurse consider as most significant to report to the healthcare provider? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Elevated glucose and HbA1C indicate diabetes, correlating with the client's symptoms and requiring urgent management.
Extract:
Patient Data
History and Physical
A 34-year-old male client presents to the emergency department (ED) for an acute asthma attack which began after jogging through a local park. The client is able to answer questions, pausing every few words to catch his breath. The client reports using a rescue inhaler three times, but he just couldn't catch his breath. The client reports that symptoms seem worse when outdoors and when exercising and that episodes like this make him extremely nervous. The client reports that it has been a couple of months since he had an asthma attack, and he came to the ED today because he noticed that his inhaler was expired and was worried the medication was not working.
The nurse reviews the client's history of the presenting illness in the electronic medical record.
Question 2 of 5
Click to highlight the two pieces of key subjective data which indicate the client is in need of health interventions.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The ineffective use of the rescue inhaler indicates a severe asthma attack requiring intervention, and worsening symptoms with exercise suggest environmental triggers needing management.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes penicillin 200,000 units IM for a client with pneumonia. The available vial is labeled, 'Penicillin 500,000 units/mL'. How many mL should the nurse administer to this client? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 200,000 units ÷ 500,000 units/mL = 0.4 mL, ensuring accurate dosing.
Extract:
History and Physical
A 59-year-old male client presents to the clinic reporting pain in the right great toe. The client says that the pain feels like it is another attack of gout, which he has had on 2 other occasions in the last 4 months. The client tells the nurses that the pain started about 9 days ago in the evening and that it got very painful and swollen shortly thereafter. In the past, the gout attacks have resolved without treatment after about 5 days, but the client reports that his condition has not improved and that he is unable to walk or work without excruciating pain in the great toe joint. The client has type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, hypertension, obesity, and sleep apnea. Currently, the client takes daily metformin, daily aspirin, daily enalapril, and ibuprofen as needed for pain. The client reports that he has never smoked or used tobacco products. He does not use recreational drugs. Typically, he drinks 2 to 3 dark beers nightly.
The healthcare provider is considering medications to treat the client's gout.
Question 4 of 5
A 59-year-old male client presents to the clinic reporting pain in the right great toe. For each medication used to treat gout, choose the most likely therapeutic outcome and the teaching associated with the medication.
| Colchicine: Reduces inflammation. |
| Prednisone: Reduces inflammation. |
| Naproxen: Reduces pain and inflammation. |
| Allopurinol: Lowers uric acid levels. |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Colchicine and prednisone reduce inflammation, naproxen alleviates pain and inflammation, and allopurinol prevents uric acid buildup, addressing both acute and chronic gout management.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client after a coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The client is exhibiting pitting edema of the lower extremities and jugular venous distention with increased central venous pressure. Which condition should the nurse suspect the client is experiencing based on these findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Right-sided heart failure causes systemic venous congestion, leading to edema, jugular distention, and elevated central venous pressure.