HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse administers naloxone to a client with opioid-induced respiratory depression. One hour later, nursing assessment reveals that the client has a respiratory rate of 4 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation of 75%, and is unable to be aroused. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Persistent respiratory depression (4 breaths/minute, 75% oxygen saturation) suggests ongoing opioid toxicity. A second dose of naloxone is needed to reverse opioid effects, as the initial dose may have worn off or been insufficient. CPR, chest tubes, or GCS assessment do not address the opioid-related cause.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse administers risedronate to a client with osteoporosis at 0700. The client asks for a glass of milk to drink with the medication. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Risedronate requires a full glass of water on an empty stomach, with the client upright for 30 minutes, to ensure absorption and prevent esophageal irritation. Milk or food reduces bioavailability, making water the only appropriate accompaniment.
Question 3 of 5
A female client starts a new prescription, oxybutynin, for symptoms of an overactive bladder. The client tells the nurse that she is training to run a half-marathon. Which Instruction should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin’s anticholinergic effects reduce sweating, increasing dehydration and overheating risks during marathon training. Emphasizing hydration and heat precautions is critical. Bruising, infections, or sun injury are less relevant concerns.
Question 4 of 5
Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who is receiving insulin lispro?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin lispro, rapid-acting, peaks 1-2 hours post-dose, requiring meals shortly after administration to prevent hypoglycemia. Synchronizing meal timing with insulin is critical. Glucose monitoring, hypoglycemia checks, and glucose sources are supportive but secondary.
Question 5 of 5
A client who received a renal transplant three months ago is readmitted to the acute care unit with signs of graft rejection. While taking the client's history, the nurse determines that the client has been self-administering St. John's Wort, an herbal preparation, on the advice of a friend. Which information is most significant about this finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: St. John's Wort induces liver enzymes (CYP3A4), reducing cyclosporine levels, an immunosuppressant critical for preventing transplant rejection. This interaction increases rejection risk, making it the most significant finding. Corticosteroid needs, depression, or sodium intake are less critical.