HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) values include a pH of 7.48, a PaCO2 of 38, and an HCO3- of 30. Around which acid-base imbalance would the nurse plan the patient's care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis is indicated by a high pH (7.48) and elevated HCO3- (30 mEq/L), with normal PaCO2, suggesting no respiratory involvement.
Question 2 of 5
Which role is attributed to the base in the acid-base balance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bases, like bicarbonate, promote acid excretion by neutralizing hydrogen ions, aiding in maintaining acid-base balance.
Question 3 of 5
Which finding would the nurse expect to see in a patient with a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Conjunctival pallor and increased heart rate (104 beats/min) are expected in anemia due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity and compensatory tachycardia.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient about the administration of liquid iron supplements. Which response by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking iron supplements with meals decreases absorption, indicating a need for further teaching; iron should be taken on an empty stomach or with vitamin C.
Question 5 of 5
A female patient with chronic hypertension is admitted to the emergency department with a sudden rise in blood pressure (BP). Which question is the priority for the nurse to ask the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sudden rise in blood pressure can indicate a hypertensive crisis, and assessing for neurological symptoms like headache or confusion is crucial to identify potential target organ damage.