HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results: a blood pH of 7.29, a partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) level of 49 mm Hg, and a bicarbonate ion (HCO3) level of 25 mEq/L. Which condition would the nurse have in mind when developing the patient's plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by low pH (7.29) and high PaCO2 (49 mm Hg), common in COPD due to impaired CO2 elimination.
Question 2 of 5
Which explanation will the nurse give a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma about the purpose of a planned lumbar puncture?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A lumbar puncture in non-Hodgkin lymphoma is used to detect central nervous system involvement by examining cerebrospinal fluid for lymphoma cells.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes that a patient has a smooth and shiny tongue surface. The nurse would attribute these findings to which condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pernicious anemia causes glossitis, leading to a smooth and shiny tongue surface due to vitamin B12 deficiency.
Question 4 of 5
With which term will the nurse document the finding after noting multiple 1-mm red macules when assessing the skin of a patient with leukemia and thrombocytopenia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Petechiae are small, red or purple 1-mm macules due to minor bleeding from broken capillaries, common in thrombocytopenia.
Question 5 of 5
A healthy 70-year-old patient has low hemoglobin levels and no signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. The nurse recognizes which item is an effect of aging that could be the reason for the low hemoglobin level?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aging often leads to a decrease in the efficiency of nutrient absorption, including iron. This decrease in intestinal absorption of iron can result in low hemoglobin levels in elderly individuals. It's a common cause of anemia in the elderly population.