HESI RN
Hesi Med Surg Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) who underwent a procedure two hours ago. The nurse observes the following vital signs: heart rate 140 beats/minute, blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg, and respirations 26 breaths/minute. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying oxygen addresses potential hypoxia or respiratory distress indicated by the elevated vital signs.
Question 2 of 5
A client experiences an ABO incompatibility reaction after multiple blood transfusions. Which finding should the nurse report immediately to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lower back pain and hypotension signify a severe ABO incompatibility reaction, necessitating urgent reporting to prevent life-threatening complications such as renal failure or disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge teaching to an older adult patient hospitalized for treatment of venous leg ulcers. Which instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: A high-protein diet with vitamins A and C, leg elevation, and daily ankle inspections promote healing and monitor complications in venous leg ulcers.
Question 4 of 5
Which group of foods is best for the nurse to recommend for clients with a strong family history of colon and rectal cancers?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High-fiber foods like oatmeal, raisins, and fruit with skin reduce colorectal cancer risk by promoting gut health.
Question 5 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes diagnostic tests for a patient whose chest x-ray indicates pneumonia. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the patient for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sputum culture and sensitivity test identifies the causative organism of pneumonia, guiding appropriate antibiotic therapy.