HESI RN
HESI RN Medical Surgical Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus (DI). Which data warrants the most immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A serum sodium level of 185 mEq/L indicates severe hypernatremia, an emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent neurological complications.
Question 2 of 5
A client with rheumatoid arthritis has an elevated serum rheumatoid factor. Which interpretation of this finding should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An elevated serum rheumatoid factor confirms the autoimmune nature of rheumatoid arthritis, supporting the diagnosis.
Extract:
History and Physical
A 34-year-old male client presents to the emergency department (ED) for an asthma attack that began after jogging through a local park. The client is able to answer questions every few words to catch his breath. He reports using his rescue inhaler three times, but he couldn't catch his breath. He reports that his symptoms are worse when outdoors and when exercising, and episodes like this make him extremely nervous. He says that it has been a couple of months since his last asthma attack, and he came to the ED today because he noticed his inhaler was expired and was worried the medication was not working.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse reviews the client's history of the presenting illness in the electronic medical record. Highlight the pieces of key subjective data which indicate the client is in need of health interventions.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Key data: difficulty speaking, ineffective inhaler use, and expired inhaler indicate severe asthma requiring intervention.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A client who had a C5 spinal cord injury 2 years ago is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with the diagnosis of autonomic dysreflexia secondary to a full bladder. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect this client to exhibit?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Profuse diaphoresis and severe headache are classic symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia due to sympathetic overactivity.
Question 5 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) missed dialysis yesterday to attend a funeral. The client's spouse calls the home health nurse and reports that the client is lethargic and hard to arouse. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Emergency department evaluation is critical due to potential complications from missed dialysis.