HESI RN
HESI RN Medical Surgical Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who suffered an electrical injury with the entrance site on the left hand and the exit site on the left foot is admitted to the burn unit. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Continuous cardiac monitoring is crucial due to the risk of arrhythmias from electrical injuries.
Extract:
History and Physical
Nurse's Notes
A 34-year-old male client presents to the emergency department (ED) for an asthma attack that began after jogging through a local park. The client is able to answer questions every few words to catch his breath. He reports using his rescue inhaler three times, but he couldn't catch his breath. He reports that his symptoms are worse when outdoors and when exercising, and episodes like this make him extremely nervous. He says that it has been a couple of months since his last asthma attack, and he came to the ED today because he noticed his inhaler was expired and was worried the medication was not working.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse performs an initial focused assessment of the client. Based on the client's history and assessment data, the nurse's hypothesis is that the client's vital signs are most likely the result of a disease process, medication use, or neither.
| Options | Neither Disease Process Nor Medication Use | Medication Use | Disease Process |
|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature: 98.9°F (Neither) | |||
| Heart rate: 112 beats per minute (Disease Process) | |||
| Respirations: 28 breaths per minute (Disease Process) | |||
| Blood pressure: 130/86 mmHg (Neither) | |||
| Oxygen saturation: 88% (Disease Process) |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Temperature and blood pressure are normal (neither), while heart rate, respirations, and oxygen saturation reflect asthma (disease process).
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension who arrived at the clinic for a scheduled visit. Which finding should the nurse recognize as a possible complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A serum creatinine level of 1.6 mg/dL indicates impaired kidney function, a significant complication in clients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, suggesting diabetic or hypertensive nephropathy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who had a cholecystectomy two days ago. The client is febrile, reporting upper abdominal pain radiating to the back, and has had three episodes of vomiting in the last 8 hours. The nurse reviews the client's serum amylase and lipase level results which are twice the normal value. Based on these findings, the nurse should recognize the client is exhibiting symptoms of which condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute pancreatitis is characterized by upper abdominal pain radiating to the back, vomiting, fever, and significantly elevated serum amylase and lipase levels.
Question 5 of 5
Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a client who has gastroesophageal reflux?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed prevents acid reflux, reducing symptoms.