HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson’s disease and is prescribed an anticholinergic. Which of the following therapeutic outcomes should the nurse expect to see?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anticholinergics reduce tremors in Parkinson’s by balancing acetylcholine and dopamine. They do not relieve depression, delay disease progression, or improve bladder function (they may worsen it due to urinary retention).
Question 2 of 5
A client in the surgical recovery area asks the nurse to bring the largest possible dose of pain medication available. Which action should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessing the client’s pain level using a pain scale provides objective data to determine the appropriate dose and urgency of pain management, guiding safe administration. Diversional strategies, drug history, or prior dose timing are secondary to understanding current pain intensity.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 54-year-old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. He takes spironolactone
25 mg per day, metformin 500 mg twice a day, and 25 units of insulin glargine.
Orders
2/18/2021
Prescription for captopril 25mg by mouth twice a day.
4/10/2021
Discontinue spironolactone. Start hydrochlorothiazide 25mg daily.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notifies the provider that the client is having trouble remembering to take his second dose of captopril. Which ACE inhibitors can be given only once per day? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Lisinopril, ramipril, and trandolapril have long durations, allowing once-daily dosing, improving adherence for the client. Quinapril and captopril require twice-daily dosing due to shorter half-lives.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
An older adult with iron deficiency anemia is being discharged with a prescription for ferrous sulfate enteric-coated tablets. To promote best absorption of the medication, which information should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ferrous sulfate is best absorbed on an empty stomach, waiting 2 hours after meals to avoid interference from food or minerals like calcium. Bedtime dosing risks GI upset, crushing enteric-coated tablets causes irritation, and multivitamins may contain interfering substances.
Question 5 of 5
A client is receiving intravenous (IV) vancomycin and the nurse plans to draw blood for a peak and trough to determine the serum level of the drug. Which collection times provide the best determination of these levels?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peak vancomycin levels, reflecting maximum concentration, are best measured one hour after IV dose completion. Trough levels, indicating minimum concentration, are drawn one hour before the next dose. This timing ensures accurate monitoring of therapeutic levels and prevents toxicity.