HESI RN
HESI RN 311 Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A female client with mild depression reports to the nurse that she recently started taking St. John’s wort. Which information provided by the client requires further instruction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: St. John’s wort induces cytochrome P450 enzymes, reducing hormonal contraceptive efficacy (
B), requiring additional contraception. Insomnia (
A), photosensitivity (
C), and dry mouth (D, managed with hard candy) are known side effects, correctly understood.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of smoking cigarettes for many years arrives at the clinic and expresses a desire to stop smoking. The client receives a prescription for bupropion to reduce nicotine cravings. Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bupropion may cause insomnia and weight loss (
A) due to its stimulant effects, requiring patient awareness. Taste changes (
B) are not common. No specific water requirement exists (
C). Tyramine-free diets (
D) are for MAOIs, not bupropion.
Question 3 of 5
A female client with mild depression reports to the nurse that she recently started taking St. John’s wort. Which information provided by the client requires further instruction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: St. John’s wort induces cytochrome P450 enzymes, reducing hormonal contraceptive efficacy (
B), requiring additional contraception. Insomnia (
A), photosensitivity (
C), and dry mouth (D, managed with hard candy) are known side effects, correctly understood.
Question 4 of 5
A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client’s plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, risks hyperkalemia. Limiting high-potassium foods (
D) prevents toxicity. Bruising (
A) is unrelated. Salt substitutes (
B) contain potassium, risking hyperkalemia. Photosensitivity (
C) is not a primary concern. Baseline potassium levels should also be checked.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client with metastatic cancer who is prescribed morphine for bone pain. Which information from the client indicates to the nurse an understanding of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morphine causes constipation; monitoring bowel patterns and using stool softeners (
A) shows understanding of managing this side effect. Grapefruit juice (
B) does not significantly interact with morphine (metabolized by UGT2B7, not CYP3A4). Combining with benzodiazepines (
C) risks CNS depression. Agitation/insomnia (
D) are not primary concerns; sedation is more common.