HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus arrives to the clinic reporting episodes of weakness and palpitations. Which finding is most important for the nurse to monitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weakness and palpitations suggest hypoglycemia, with excessive perspiration (diaphoresis) being a classic symptom, indicating the body's response to low blood sugar, requiring immediate monitoring.
Question 2 of 5
An infant who has a Wilms' tumor is admitted for surgery. Which intervention should the nurse implement during the preoperative period?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding abdominal manipulation prevents rupture or spread of Wilms' tumor. Other options are inappropriate due to the infant's age, condition, or lack of symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A client experiencing a sudden onset of confusion and trouble speaking at home is transported to the emergency department. The client does not understand simple commands and appears very frustrated. Which intervention should the nurse perform in the immediate management of the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Determining symptom onset and progression is critical for diagnosing conditions like stroke, guiding urgent management decisions, and assessing eligibility for time-sensitive treatments.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of an infant with heart failure who is scheduled for repair of restenosis of coarctation of the aorta that was repaired 4 days after birth. Findings include blood pressure higher in the arms than the lower extremities, pounding brachial pulses, and slightly palpable femoral pulses. Which pathophysiologic mechanism supports these findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta narrows the aortic lumen, reducing blood flow to the lower extremities, causing higher blood pressure in the arms and weaker pulses in the legs.
Question 5 of 5
A client with rheumatoid arthritis has an elevated serum rheumatoid factor. Which interpretation of this finding should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated rheumatoid factor is an autoantibody indicating the autoimmune nature of rheumatoid arthritis, confirming the disease process, not necessarily its severity or organ involvement.