HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) receives a new prescription for lorazepam. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lorazepam may take time for optimal effect, and stopping abruptly risks withdrawal or worsening anxiety. Clients should continue as prescribed and consult their provider if effects are lacking. Relaxation techniques, avoiding sedatives, and moving slowly are appropriate.
Question 2 of 5
A female client starts a new prescription, oxybutynin, for symptoms of an overactive bladder. The client tells the nurse that she is training to run a half-marathon. Which Instruction should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin’s anticholinergic effects reduce sweating, increasing dehydration and overheating risks during marathon training. Emphasizing hydration and heat precautions is critical. Bruising, infections, or sun injury are less relevant concerns.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client in acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective? Reference Range: Glucose [74 to 106 mg/dL (4.1 to 5.9 mmol/L)] Hemoglobin [14 to 18 g/dL (140 to 180 g/L)] Potassium [3.5 to 5 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mmol/L)] Ammonia [10 to 80 pg/dL (6 to 47 μmol/dL)]
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate lowers potassium by exchanging sodium for potassium in the gut. A potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (normal range) indicates effective hyperkalemia treatment in AKI. Ammonia, hemoglobin, and glucose are unaffected by this medication.
Question 4 of 5
A client has a new prescription for diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Which information in the client's history is of greatest concern to the nurse in monitoring the client's response to this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic alcoholism increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers with diclofenac, an NSAID, due to mucosal irritation. This history requires vigilant monitoring for GI symptoms, making it the greatest concern over osteoarthritis, diabetes, or migraines.
Question 5 of 5
A client with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) started a prescription for epoetin alfa two months ago. Which client finding best indicates that the medication is effective? Reference Range: Hemoglobin (Hgb) [14 to 18 g/dL (8.7 to 11.2 mmol/L)]
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, directly increasing hemoglobin levels. A rise to 12 g/dL, though below the male reference range, objectively indicates effectiveness in treating anemia. Iron therapy tolerance, subjective energy improvements, or dietary changes are less direct measures of epoetin’s impact.