HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis exhibits redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site on the abdominal wall. While planning care, the nurse is most concerned about preventing which complication related to these findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Redness, tenderness, and drainage suggest an exit site infection, a common peritoneal dialysis complication, which must be prevented to avoid progression to peritonitis.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 58-year-old male who wants to be screened for diabetes mellitus. The client has a sister who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has a history of depression, which is treated with paroxetine 10 mg PO every day. The client also discloses that he occasionally takes cannabis in edible form. He denies smoking or drinking. He works in a chemical factory where he is occasionally exposed to fumes. The client's body mass index (BMI) is 28 kg/m3
Question 2 of 5
What other nutritional recommendation(s) would be helpful for this client in reducing risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,F
Rationale: Eliminating sugary beverages, increasing fiber, and minimizing refined grains reduce blood sugar spikes and improve insulin sensitivity, key for prediabetes management, unlike cinnamon or no-fat diets.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A client with a right ulnar fracture and cast placement reports an increase in arm pain. Which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased pain post-cast placement may indicate compartment syndrome, a serious condition. Assessing radial pulse volume evaluates circulation distal to the fracture, critical for detecting compromised perfusion.
Question 4 of 5
For each client activity, click to indicate whether the activity shows positive or negative health promotion postamputation due to extensive peripheral vascular disease.
| Options | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Inquires about blood pressure. (Positive) | ||
| Asks questions about self-care. (Positive) | ||
| Executes pull-ups on a trapeze bar. (Positive) | ||
| Turns side to side. (Positive) | ||
| Requests nurse to perform wound care. (Negative) | ||
| Avoids looking at residual limb. (Negative) |
Correct Answer: Positive: A,B,C,D; Negative: E,F
Rationale: Positive activities (inquiring about blood pressure, self-care questions, physical exercises, mobility) promote recovery and adaptation. Negative activities (relying on nurse for wound care, avoiding residual limb) hinder independence and psychological adjustment.
Question 5 of 5
A 9-month-old with Tay-Sachs disease is admitted due to seizures. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exaggerated startle reaction is specific to Tay-Sachs and may trigger seizures, making it critical to assess. Other findings are less urgent.