HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of an infant with heart failure who is scheduled for repair of restenosis of coarctation of the aorta that was repaired 4 days after birth. Findings include blood pressure higher in the arms than the lower extremities, pounding brachial pulses, and slightly palpable femoral pulses. Which pathophysiologic mechanism supports these findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta narrows the aortic lumen, reducing blood flow to the lower extremities, causing higher blood pressure in the arms and weaker pulses in the legs.
Question 2 of 5
Following a motor vehicle accident, a client with chest trauma receives a chest tube to relieve a hemothorax. Two hours following the chest tube insertion, the nurse observes the water level in the water-seal chamber is rising during inspiration and falling during expiration. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rising water levels during inspiration and falling during expiration, known as tidaling, indicate proper chest tube function, as it reflects pressure changes in the pleural space. Continuing to monitor the drainage system ensures ongoing assessment of drainage characteristics without disrupting the system unnecessarily.
Question 3 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes regular insulin 10 units/hr IV. The IV solution contains 100 units of regular insulin in 100 mL of 0.9% normal saline. How many mL/hr should the nurse program the infusion pump? (Enter numerical value only.)
Correct Answer: 10 mL/hr
Rationale: The solution contains 1 unit/mL (100 units/100 mL). For a prescribed rate of 10 units/hr, the infusion pump should be set to deliver 10 mL/hr, as each mL provides 1 unit of insulin.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child with chronic kidney disease who is experiencing renal osteodystrophy. Which outcome should the nurse explain to the parents about the sequela for their child with renal osteodystrophy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Renal osteodystrophy causes impaired bone formation, leading to arrested growth. Other outcomes are not specific.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing an older adult client for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast. Which laboratory value should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before the scan is performed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated serum creatinine (1.9 mg/dL) indicates impaired kidney function, increasing the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy, requiring reporting before an MRI with contrast.