HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical HESI Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with acute renal injury (AKI) weighs 110.3 pounds (50 kg) and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/L) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is prioritized because it directly addresses hyperkalemia (elevated potassium), a life-threatening condition in AKI that can cause cardiac arrhythmias. The other medications address phosphorus levels or anemia, which are less urgent.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with chemotherapy-induced mucositis who is describing soreness of the tongue and oral issues. Which is the best initial nursing action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent mouth care prevents worsening of mucositis by removing debris and soothing tissues. Other actions are secondary or potentially harmful (e.g., swabs may damage mucosa).
Question 3 of 5
A client has an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500/mm³ (0.5 x 10â¹/L) after completing chemotherapy. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe neutropenia (ANC 500/mm³) increases infection risk, making protective isolation critical to prevent exposure to pathogens.
Question 4 of 5
A patient experiences residual effects following an acute attack of Ménière's disease and receives a new prescription for an antihistamine. Which assessment finding indicates that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antihistamines reduce vertigo in Ménière's disease by decreasing inner ear fluid buildup. Ambulating without vertigo indicates effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who had an appendectomy 4 hours ago. Which finding requires immediate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-pitched sound (stridor) indicates airway obstruction, a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate action. Other findings are expected or less urgent post-appendectomy.