HESI RN
HESI RN D441 Pharmacology 0A1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who received a renal transplant three months ago is readmitted to the acute care unit with signs of graft rejection. While taking the client's history, the nurse determines that the client has been self-administering St. John's Wort, an herbal preparation, on the advice of a friend. Which information is most significant about this finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: St. John's Wort induces liver enzymes, reducing cyclosporine levels, an immunosuppressant critical for preventing transplant rejection. This interaction increases the risk of graft rejection, making it the most significant finding requiring immediate attention.
Question 2 of 5
A client is receiving orlistat as part of a weight management program. Which ongoing assessment should be included in the plan of care to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Orlistat inhibits fat absorption to promote weight loss. Monitoring BMI is the most direct way to assess its effectiveness, as it tracks changes in weight status over time, reflecting the medication’s impact on the client’s weight management program.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces HIV transmission risk by lowering viral load, it does not completely prevent it. The client needs clarification that even with an undetectable viral load, transmission is possible, and preventive measures like safer sex practices are still necessary.
Question 4 of 5
A client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes insipidus (DI) is receiving a synthetic vasopressin intravenously. Which side effect of vasopressin reported by the client should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A worsening headache may indicate water retention or hyponatremia, serious complications of vasopressin therapy. This symptom requires immediate reporting for evaluation and potential treatment adjustment, unlike expected DI symptoms like low urine specific gravity, polydipsia, or polyuria.
Question 5 of 5
A client with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) started a prescription for epoetin alfa two months ago. Which client finding best indicates that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most direct indicator of the effectiveness of epoetin alfa is an increase in hemoglobin levels. Epoetin alfa stimulates erythropoiesis, raising hemoglobin in clients with anemia due to CKD. Monitoring hemoglobin provides objective evidence of the medication’s efficacy, unlike subjective reports or dietary changes.