HESI RN
HESI Med Surg Hematological system Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
With which term will the nurse document the finding after noting multiple 1-mm red macules when assessing the skin of a patient with leukemia and thrombocytopenia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Petechiae are small, red or purple 1-mm macules due to minor bleeding from broken capillaries, common in thrombocytopenia.
Question 2 of 5
Which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient newly diagnosed with microcytic hypochromic anemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking iron with orange juice 1 hour before meals enhances absorption due to vitamin C, optimal for treating microcytic hypochromic anemia.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse recognizes that patients with von Willebrand disease are at risk for prolonged bleeding times for which reason?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Von Willebrand disease involves variable factor VIII deficiencies and platelet dysfunction, leading to prolonged bleeding times due to impaired clot formation.
Question 4 of 5
Which treatment is likely to be planned for a patient who develops pernicious anemia after a gastrectomy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cobalamin replacement therapy is the standard treatment for pernicious anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency due to lack of intrinsic factor post-gastrectomy.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results: a blood pH of 7.29, a partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) level of 49 mm Hg, and a bicarbonate ion (HCO3) level of 25 mEq/L. Which condition would the nurse have in mind when developing the patient's plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by low pH (7.29) and high PaCO2 (49 mm Hg), common in COPD due to impaired CO2 elimination.