HESI RN
RN HESI Pediatrics Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The parents of a newborn infant with hypospadias are concerned about when the surgical correction should occur. Which information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surgical correction for hypospadias is typically recommended before potty training to improve cosmetic appearance, ensure proper urinary function, and avoid psychosocial issues. Early intervention, usually between 6-18 months, is preferred to minimize complications and psychological distress.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 5-week-old infant presenting with a history of projectile vomiting after feedings. Which additional finding should the nurse expect to assess?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Projectile vomiting in a 5-week-old suggests pyloric stenosis, often accompanied by a palpable olive-sized mass in the epigastrium due to pyloric muscle hypertrophy. Mucus/blood in stool, rebound tenderness, or burping/poor feeding are less specific.
Question 3 of 5
During a follow-up clinic visit, a mother tells the nurse that her 5-month-old son who had surgical correction for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) has rapid breathing, often takes a long time to eat, and requires frequent rest periods. The infant is not crying while being held and his growth is in the expected range. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid breathing and feeding difficulties post-TOF repair suggest possible cardiac or respiratory issues. Auscultating heart and lungs assesses for abnormalities, guiding further evaluation. FTT evaluation, inducing cyanosis, or ECG are less immediate.
Question 4 of 5
While obtaining the vital signs of a 10-year-old child who had a tonsillectomy this morning, the nurse observes the child swallowing every 2 to 3 minutes. Which assessment should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent swallowing post-tonsillectomy may indicate bleeding. Inspecting the posterior oropharynx is the priority to check for blood or bleeding sites. Teeth clenching, voice tone, or gag reflex assessments are less relevant to detecting post-operative hemorrhage.
Question 5 of 5
A 7-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. In obtaining a health history from the child's mother, the recent occurrence of which illness is most significant?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute rheumatic fever is often preceded by a streptococcal throat infection. A recent sore throat is the most significant illness to note, as it may indicate an untreated or inadequately treated group A Streptococcus infection, which can trigger ARF.