HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse? Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission, it does not completely prevent it. The statement that it 'prevents' transmission overstates the effect, as preventive measures like condoms are still recommended despite an undetectable viral load.
Question 2 of 5
A client who is taking furosemide reports experiencing leg cramps, a cough, feeling tired, and palpitations. Which action should the nurse take first? Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide can cause electrolyte imbalances leading to arrhythmias. Palpitations and tiredness suggest cardiac issues, making cardiac monitoring the priority.
Question 3 of 5
A female client starts a new prescription, oxybutynin, for symptoms of an overactive bladder. The client tells the nurse that she is training to run in a half-marathon. Which instruction should the nurse emphasize? Which instruction should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin reduces sweating, increasing the risk of dehydration and overheating during exercise. Emphasizing hydration and heat precautions is critical for safety.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 54-year-old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. He takes spironolactone 25 mg PO daily, metformin 500 mg PO twice a day, and insulin glargine 25 units SUBQ daily.
Nurses’ Notes
Day 1
The client is in the healthcare provider’s (HCP) office for a physical. He reports that he has been monitoring his blood pressure, but it is continuing to go up.
Laboratory Results
Day 1
Reference
Laboratory Test Result Range
Hemoglobin A1C 6.8% 4 to 5.9%
Day 1
• Prescription for captopril 25 mg PO twice a day (BID)
• Draw serum HbA1C
Question 4 of 5
The healthcare provider (HCP) has given the client a prescription for captopril. Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statements by selecting from the lists of options provided. Captopril is a(n) ___ that works by ___.
Correct Answer: A,G
Rationale: Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, promotes vasodilation by blocking angiotensin II formation, reducing blood pressure.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A client receives a prescription for ciprofloxacin 400 mg intravenously (IV) every 12 hours to be infused over an hour. The IV bag contains ciprofloxacin 400 mg in dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 200 mL. The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Enter numerical value only.) The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hr?
Correct Answer: 200
Rationale: The IV bag contains 200 mL to be infused over 1 hour. Infusion rate = 200 mL ÷ 1 hour = 200 mL/hr.