HESI RN
RN Medical Surgical Hesi Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing dietary instructions for a client who is being discharged after passing a calcium oxalate renal stone. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spinach salad is high in oxalate, which can combine with calcium in the urine to form stones, increasing the risk of recurrence.
Question 2 of 5
Two weeks after returning home from traveling, a client presents to the clinic with conjunctivitis and describes a recent loss in the ability to taste and smell. The nurse obtains a nasal swab to test for COVID-19. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isolating the client from others not wearing proper PPE is the most important action to prevent transmission of COVID-19, given the client's symptoms suggestive of the virus.
Question 3 of 5
A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia has a CD4+ T cell count of 200 cells/mm³ (20%). The client asks the nurse why they have these recurring massive infections. Which pathophysiologic mechanism should the nurse describe in response to this client's question?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inadequate numbers of CD4+ T cells, due to HIV infection, impair cellular immunity, leading to susceptibility to opportunistic infections like Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.
Question 4 of 5
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease is to begin hemodialysis treatment. Which statement should the nurse include in client education?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin dosage may need to be reduced during hemodialysis because insulin is removed by the dialyzer and blood glucose levels may drop. This is the correct statement to include in client education.
Question 5 of 5
While completing a health assessment for a young adult female with acute appendicitis, the client informs the nurse that there is a chance that she may be pregnant. The operating team is preparing to take the client to surgery. Which intervention should the nurse implement immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Performing a bedside pregnancy test is critical to confirm or rule out pregnancy, as surgery could pose risks to the fetus, informing the surgical team's approach.