HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer medications for an eight-month-old infant with heart failure. The infant has a blood pressure of 114/66 mm Hg, apical pulse of 88 beats/minute, and respirations of 30 breaths/minute. Which medication should the nurse withhold until the health care provider is notified?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin is withheld if the apical pulse is below 90 beats/minute in infants to prevent toxicity. Other medications are not contraindicated.
Question 2 of 5
A client presents with the onset of a severe headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, and a petechial rash on arms and legs. The nurse recognizes the client is exhibiting symptoms of which condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, and petechial rash are classic symptoms of meningococcal meningitis, caused by Neisseria meningitidis, requiring urgent recognition and treatment.
Extract:
Nurse Notes
Laboratory Results
The client is a 58-year-old male who wants to be screened for diabetes mellitus. The client has a sister who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has a history of depression, which is treated with paroxetine 10 mg PO every day. The client also discloses that he occasionally takes cannabis in edible form. He denies smoking or drinking. He works in a chemical factory where he is occasionally exposed to fumes. The client's body mass index (BMI) is 28 kg/m3.
Question 3 of 5
Based on the laboratory data, the client has diabetes mellitusprediabeteshypoglycemiagestational diabetes related to fatty liver diseaseimpaired glucose tolerancetolerance occupational exposurelack of insulin production.
| prediabetes |
| impaired glucose tolerance |
| lack of insulin production |
| hypoglycemia |
| gestational diabetes |
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Prediabetes and impaired glucose tolerance are indicated by elevated but sub-diabetic glucose levels, reflecting insulin resistance, unlike hypoglycemia or gestational diabetes which do not fit the client's profile.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is obtaining the admission history for a client with suspected peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which subjective data reported by the client supports this disease process?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Upper mid abdominal pain described as gnawing and burning is a hallmark symptom of PUD, directly related to ulcer formation in the stomach or duodenum, unlike other symptoms which may suggest different conditions.
Question 5 of 5
While caring for a client with full thickness burns covering 40% of the body, the nurse observes purulent drainage from the wounds. Before reporting this finding to the healthcare provider, the nurse should evaluate which laboratory value?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Purulent drainage suggests infection. An elevated neutrophil count indicates an immune response to bacterial infection, critical to evaluate before reporting to confirm the infection's presence.