HESI RN
Nightdale College HESI Pharmacology RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is planning to administer the antiulcer gastrointestinal (GI) agent sucralfate to a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which action should the nurse include in this client's plan of care? Which action should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sucralfate forms a protective barrier over ulcers in an acidic environment, requiring administration on an empty stomach, one hour before meals or at bedtime. Once-daily dosing is insufficient, and electrolyte imbalances or Candida infections are not primary concerns with sucralfate.
Question 2 of 5
A client with hepatic encephalopathy is receiving lactulose. Which assessment provides the nurse with the best information to evaluate the client's therapeutic response to the drug? Which assessment provides the best information to evaluate the client's therapeutic response to the drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactulose lowers blood ammonia levels by promoting its excretion in stool, treating hepatic encephalopathy. Monitoring serum ammonia and electrolytes (due to potential loss from diarrhea) directly evaluates the drug’s effectiveness. Stool changes are expected but less specific, and hepatic enzymes or glucose are not primary indicators.
Question 3 of 5
Which nursing action has the highest priority when administering a dose of codeine with acetaminophen to a client? Which nursing action has the highest priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Codeine, an opioid, causes drowsiness and dizziness, increasing fall risk. Instructing the client to request assistance when ambulating prioritizes safety, preventing injuries. Other actions, like administering laxatives or informing about onset, are important but secondary to immediate safety concerns.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a seizure disorder is seen at the clinic for a follow-up visit and a prescription renewal for phenytoin. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse? Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Double vision indicates phenytoin toxicity, which can impair coordination and increase fall risk. Immediate intervention, such as notifying the provider and checking serum levels, prevents complications like ataxia or seizures. Gums and insomnia are less urgent side effects.
Question 5 of 5
To control asthma, a client in a residential treatment facility uses a fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system, which provides an inhaled powdered form of these combined medications. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers? Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client's caregivers?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The fluticasone/salmeterol discus is a maintenance therapy, used twice daily to prevent asthma symptoms. Instructing caregivers to limit use to twice daily ensures adherence and prevents overuse. Breathing into the mouthpiece wastes medication, the discus is not for acute attacks, and salmeterol may increase blood pressure.