HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with chemotherapy induced mucositis who is describing soreness of the tongue and oral tissues. Which is the best initial nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent mouth care maintains oral hygiene, reduces infection risk, and soothes irritated tissues in mucositis, serving as the initial step before other interventions like analgesics.
Question 2 of 5
While assisting a client to the toilet, the client begins to have a seizure and the nurse eases the client to the floor. The nurse calls for help and monitors the client until the seizing stops. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prolonged apnea during a seizure can lead to hypoxia or cardiac arrest, making it the priority to monitor to ensure respiratory status and client safety post-seizure.
Question 3 of 5
Two weeks after returning home from traveling, a client presents to the clinic with conjunctivitis and describes a recent loss in the ability to taste and smell. The nurse obtains a nasal swab to test for COVID 19. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isolating the client prevents potential COVID-19 transmission, critical given symptoms suggestive of infection, protecting others until test results confirm the diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
A 9-year-old boy is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Which stage of Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is the nurse addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At 9 years, the child is in the industry stage, focusing on competence in self-care skills like insulin injections. Other stages apply to different ages.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of an infant with heart failure who is scheduled for repair of restenosis of coarctation of the aorta that was repaired 4 days after birth. Findings include blood pressure higher in the arms than the lower extremities, pounding brachial pulses, and slightly palpable femoral pulses. Which pathophysiologic mechanism supports these findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta narrows the aortic lumen, reducing blood flow to the lower extremities, causing higher blood pressure in the arms and weaker pulses in the legs.