HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with chemotherapy induced mucositis who is describing soreness of the tongue and oral tissues. Which is the best initial nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent mouth care maintains oral hygiene, reduces infection risk, and soothes irritated tissues in mucositis, serving as the initial step before other interventions like analgesics.
Question 2 of 5
A preschool-aged child who is experiencing respiratory distress is brought to the emergency department by the parents. The child is anxious, has a temperature of 102.8° F (39.3° C), and is drooling from the mouth while leaning forward when sitting. Which action should the nurse prepare the child for next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Symptoms suggest epiglottitis, requiring urgent intubation or tracheotomy to secure the airway. Other actions are not immediate priorities.
Extract:
Nurse Notes
Laboratory Results
The client is a 58-year-old male who wants to be screened for diabetes mellitus. The client has a sister who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has a history of depression, which is treated with paroxetine 10 mg PO every day. The client also discloses that he occasionally takes cannabis in edible form. He denies smoking or drinking. He works in a chemical factory where he is occasionally exposed to fumes. The client's body mass index (BMI) is 28 kg/m3.
Question 3 of 5
Based on the laboratory data, the client has diabetes mellitusprediabeteshypoglycemiagestational diabetes related to fatty liver diseaseimpaired glucose tolerancetolerance occupational exposurelack of insulin production.
| prediabetes |
| impaired glucose tolerance |
| lack of insulin production |
| hypoglycemia |
| gestational diabetes |
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Prediabetes and impaired glucose tolerance are indicated by elevated but sub-diabetic glucose levels, reflecting insulin resistance, unlike hypoglycemia or gestational diabetes which do not fit the client's profile.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A family suspects that AIDS dementia is occurring in their adult child who is HIV positive. Which symptom confirms the suspicion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A change in handwriting indicates graphomotor impairment, a specific neurological symptom of AIDS dementia, reflecting cognitive dysfunction, unlike other symptoms which are less specific.
Question 5 of 5
During a follow-up clinic visit, a mother tells the nurse that her 5-month-old son who had surgical correction for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) has rapid breathing, often takes a long time to eat, and requires frequent rest periods. The infant is not crying while being held and his growth is in the expected range. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Auscultating heart and lungs while the infant is held is a noninvasive way to assess respiratory and cardiac status, monitoring for abnormal sounds or changes in heart rate and oxygen saturation. Other options are not prioritized or appropriate.