HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse initiates an infusion of piperacillin-tazobactam for a client with a urinary tract infection. Five minutes into the infusion, the client reports not feeling well. Which client manifestation should the nurse identify as a reason to stop the infusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A scratchy throat may signal an allergic reaction to piperacillin-tazobactam, a penicillin derivative, potentially progressing to anaphylaxis. Stopping the infusion immediately prevents severe complications. Pupillary constriction, hypertension, and bradycardia are not typical allergic responses and require monitoring but not immediate cessation.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a client with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Duloxetine is metabolized by the liver, and hepatotoxicity is a rare but serious risk. Obtaining liver function test results ensures safe administration, as impaired liver function increases toxicity risk. Family history, weight changes, or other antidepressant use are relevant but secondary to liver function.
Question 3 of 5
A client is receiving intravenous (IV) vancomycin and the nurse plans to draw blood for a peak and trough to determine the serum level of the drug. Which collection times provide the best determination of these levels?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peak vancomycin levels, reflecting maximum concentration, are best measured one hour after IV dose completion. Trough levels, indicating minimum concentration, are drawn one hour before the next dose. This timing ensures accurate monitoring of therapeutic levels and prevents toxicity.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 54-year-old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. He takes spironolactone 25 mg per day, metformin 500 mg twice a day, and 25 units of insulin glargine
Orders
• prescription for captopril 25mg by mouth twice a day
Laboratory Test
Hemoglobin A1C
• Result- 6.8%
• Reference Range- 4 to 5.9%
Question 4 of 5
The provider would like the client to continue with the captopril dose and restart the spironolactone. The provider wants the client to return to the clinic in 6 weeks with lab work done. What 2 labs would be most appropriate for this client to complete on their return visit?
Correct Answer: D,E,
Rationale: Captopril and spironolactone can cause renal impairment and hyperkalemia. Kidney function tests (e.g.creatinine) and electrolyte panels (e.g. potassium) monitor these risks. Coagulation cardiac enzymes osmolality and blood counts are less relevant."
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client’s ability to swallow. Which of the following, when selected by the nurse, indicates an understanding of the cranial nerve that tests the ability to swallow?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) controls swallowing and the gag reflex. Selecting this nerve demonstrates understanding. The facial (VII) nerve manages facial expressions, trigeminal (V) handles chewing, and hypoglossal (XII) controls tongue movements.