HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes propylthiouracil (PTU) and Lugol’s solution, a strong iodine solution, for a client with hyperthyroidism. How should the nurse schedule the administration of these medications? How should the nurse schedule the administration of these medications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering iodine before PTU enhances thyroid hormone reduction, as iodine prepares the gland before PTU inhibits hormone synthesis.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 75-year-old female admitted to the preoperative area to prepare for pacemaker insertion. Client reports she is having this done because her heart rate has been staying very low, she is always tired, and she has passed out once from low heart rate. Client has a history of worsening symptomatic bradycardia and a history of atrial fibrillation controlled by medication. She has been off anticoagulants for 4 days to prepare for the procedure.
Nurses’ Notes
0700:
Laboratory specimens have been drawn and completed during a preadmission visit. After changing clothes and settling into bed, the client was placed on continuous monitoring. Admission process completed. 0800: Peripheral IV (PIV) started in the right antecubital with a 20 gauge catheter. IV fluids of 0.9% sodium chloride started at 50 mL/hr. Cardiac surgeon in to see the client and answer questions about the procedure. 0830: Client reports no known allergies. Vancomycin 1 gram in 250 mL 0.9% sodium chloride started at 125 mL/hr as endocarditis prophylaxis. 0840: Awaiting transport to the operating room.
Orders
0800:
• a. Start peripheral IV
• b. Vancomycin 1 gram in 250 mL 0.9% sodium chloride
0840:
• c. Stop vancomycin
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing the client to update the plan of care. Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement by selecting from the lists of options provided. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing ___ and the blood pressure changes are the result of ___.
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Syncope from bradycardia causes low blood flow, with vasodilation contributing to blood pressure changes.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A male client receives a scopolamine transdermal patch 2 hours before surgery. Four hours after surgery, the client tells the nurse that he is experiencing pain and asks why the patch is not working. Which action should the nurse take? Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Scopolamine is used to prevent nausea and vomiting, not pain. The nurse should clarify its purpose and address the client’s pain with appropriate analgesics.
Question 4 of 5
A client who received a renal transplant three months ago is readmitted to the acute care unit with signs of graft rejection. While taking the client’s history, the nurse determines that the client has been self-administering St. John’s Wort, an herbal preparation, on the advice of a friend. Which information is most significant about this finding? Which information is most significant about this finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: St. John’s Wort induces cytochrome P450 enzymes, reducing cyclosporine levels, a critical immunosuppressant, increasing the risk of graft rejection. This interaction is the most significant concern for the client’s transplant outcome.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new prescription for diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Which information in the client’s history is of greatest concern to the nurse in monitoring the client’s response to this medication? Which information in the client’s history is of greatest concern to the nurse in monitoring the client’s response to this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic alcoholism increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and liver damage, both potential side effects of NSAIDs like diclofenac. Alcohol exacerbates these risks, making it the most concerning factor to monitor.