HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The healthcare provider prescribes magnesium sulfate 300 mg/hour IV. The IV bag contains magnesium sulfate 4 grams in dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 500 mL. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump?
Correct Answer: 37.5
Rationale: 4 grams = 4000 mg; concentration = 4000 mg ÷ 500 mL = 8 mg/mL; infusion rate = 300 mg/hour ÷ 8 mg/mL = 37.5 mL/hour.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client how to use an inhaler device. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that the client understands the instructions? Which client statement indicates to the nurse that the client understands the instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after inhaler use, especially with corticosteroids, prevents oral thrush and irritation, indicating proper understanding.
Question 3 of 5
The home health nurse observes that a female client is using a topical preparation that contains echinacea to treat a canker sore. Her husband expresses concern regarding the effectiveness and safety of using herbs. How should the nurse respond? How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Echinacea has immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory properties, useful in treating infections like canker sores, supporting its topical use.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who takes methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis and receives a prescription for adalimumab. Which instructions should the nurse provide the client? Which instructions should the nurse provide the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Methotrexate and adalimumab suppress the immune system, increasing infection risk. Avoiding crowds and sick individuals is critical to prevent infections.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 75-year-old female admitted to the preoperative area to prepare for pacemaker insertion. The client reports she is having this done because her heart rate has been staying very low, she is always tired, and she has passed out once from a low heart rate. The client has a history of worsening symptomatic bradycardia and a history of atrial fibrillation controlled by medication. She has been off anticoagulants for 4 days to prepare for the procedure.
Nurses’ Notes
0700:
Laboratory specimens have been drawn and completed during a preadmission visit. After changing clothes and settling into bed, the client was placed on continuous monitoring. Admission process completed.
0800:
Peripheral IV (PIV) started in the right antecubital with a 20-gauge catheter. IV fluids of 0.9% sodium chloride started at 50 mL/hr. Cardiac surgeon in to see the client and answer questions about the procedure.
0830:
Client reports no known allergies. Vancomycin 1 gram in 250 mL 0.9% sodium chloride started at 125 mL/hr as endocarditis prophylaxis.
Laboratory Results
Laboratory Test Result Reference Range
White blood cells (WBC) 6,500/mm³ (6.5 x 10⁹/L) 5,000 to 10,000/mm³
Red blood cells (RBC) 3.78 x 10¹²/L 4.2 to 5.4 x 10¹²/L
Hemoglobin (Hgb) 11.2 g/dL (6.95 mmol/L) 12 to 16 g/dL (7.4 to 9.9 mmol/L)
Flow Sheet
0700
Vital Signs
• Temperature: 97.6°F (36.4°C) orally
• Heart rate: 44 beats/minute
• Respiratory rate: 18 breaths/minute
• Blood pressure: 136/80 mm Hg
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing the client’s plan of care. Select 4 findings that would indicate to the nurse that the administration of the vancomycin antibiotic would be safe to administer.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: No allergies, safe dosage, large vein IV, and prophylactic use ensure safe vancomycin administration.