HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Following a motor vehicle accident, a client with chest trauma receives a chest tube to relieve a hemothorax. Two hours following the chest tube insertion, the nurse observes the water level in the water-seal chamber is rising during inspiration and falling during expiration. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rising water levels during inspiration and falling during expiration, known as tidaling, indicate proper chest tube function, as it reflects pressure changes in the pleural space. Continuing to monitor the drainage system ensures ongoing assessment of drainage characteristics without disrupting the system unnecessarily.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 58-year-old male who wants to be screened for diabetes mellitus. The client has a sister who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has a history of depression, which is treated with paroxetine 10 mg PO every day. The client also discloses that he occasionally takes cannabis in edible form. He denies smoking or drinking. He works in a chemical factory where he is occasionally exposed to fumes. The client's body mass index (BMI) is 28 kg/m3
Question 2 of 5
What other nutritional recommendation(s) would be helpful for this client in reducing risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,F
Rationale: Eliminating sugary beverages, increasing fiber, and minimizing refined grains reduce blood sugar spikes and improve insulin sensitivity, key for prediabetes management, unlike cinnamon or no-fat diets.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
After administering varicella vaccine to a five-year-old child, which instruction should the nurse provide the child's parent?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying a cool pack reduces discomfort at the injection site. Other instructions are incorrect or unnecessary.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which response requires further evaluation by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The startle reflex should disappear by 4 months; persistence at 6 months suggests neurological issues requiring evaluation. Other responses are normal.
Question 5 of 5
In assessing a client with skin ulcers on the lower extremity, which findings indicate that the ulcers are likely to be of venous, rather than arterial, origin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Venous ulcers are characterized by irregular shapes and severe edema due to venous hypertension, unlike arterial ulcers which present with signs of poor perfusion like absent pulses or cool skin.