Care Hope College RN HESI Pharmacology

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

An adult patient at an outpatient clinic has been prescribed the antibiotic tetracycline HCl. What instructions should the nurse include in the patient’s teaching plan?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: This question is identical to Question 9. Tetracycline increases photosensitivity, requiring sun protection (
B). Milk/antacids (
A) and orange juice (
C) impair absorption. Weekly drug checks (
D) are unnecessary. Note: Duplicate question; consider removing.

Question 2 of 5

A female client with multiple sclerosis reports having less fatigue and improved memory since she began using the herbal supplement, ginkgo biloba. What is the most important information for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for this client?

A. Nausea and diarrhea can occur when using this supplement. B. Ginkgo biloba use should be limited and not taken during pregnancy. C. Aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs interact with ginkgo. D. Anxiety and headaches increase with the use of ginkgo biloba.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ginkgo biloba increases bleeding risk, especially with aspirin/NSAIDs (
C), a critical interaction for safety. Nausea/diarrhea (
A) and anxiety/headaches (
D) are less severe. Pregnancy restrictions (
B) are relevant but secondary unless applicable.

Question 3 of 5

A patient with heart failure develops hyperaldosteronism and is prescribed spironolactone. What instructions should the nurse include in the patient’s care plan?

A. Substitute salt with a salt substitute. B. Protect your skin before going outside. C. Limit intake of high-potassium foods. D. Monitor skin for excessive bruising.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: This question is identical to Question 7. Spironolactone increases potassium retention, so limiting high-potassium foods (
C) prevents hyperkalemia. Salt substitutes (
A) contain potassium. Sun protection (
B) and bruising (
D) are unrelated. Note: Duplicate question; consider removing.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse administers risedronate to a client with osteoporosis at 0700. The client asks for a glass of milk to drink with the medication. What action should the nurse take?

A. Instruct the client that it is necessary to take nothing but water with the medication. B. Withhold the medication until the client’s breakfast tray is available on the unit. C. Consult with a pharmacist about scheduling the dose one hour after the client eats. D. Assign an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to bring the client a glass of low-fat milk.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Risedronate, a bisphosphonate, must be taken with plain water on an empty stomach, 30 minutes before food or other beverages, to ensure optimal absorption. Milk (
B) contains calcium, reducing absorption. Delaying until breakfast (
C) violates timing requirements. Consulting a pharmacist (
D) is unnecessary, as administration guidelines are clear.

Question 5 of 5

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been prescribed a glucagon emergency kit for home use. When should the nurse instruct the patient and family that glucagon needs to be administered?

A. Before meals to prevent hyperglycemia. B. When signs of severe hypoglycemia occur. C. When unable to eat during sick days. D. At the onset of signs of diabetic ketoacidosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Glucagon treats severe hypoglycemia (
B) by mobilizing liver glucose stores. It’s not for preventing hyperglycemia (
A), sick-day management (
C), or diabetic ketoacidosis (
D), which requires insulin and medical intervention.

Care Hope College RN HESI Pharmacology | Nurselytic

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HESI RN

HESI RN