HESI RN
Care Hope College RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with osteoporosis is administered risedronate at 0700 and requests a glass of milk to take with the medication. What should the nurse’s response be?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This question is identical to Question 1. Risedronate requires plain water on an empty stomach (
A) to ensure absorption. Milk (
D) reduces efficacy. Delaying for breakfast (
B) or post-meal dosing (
C) violates guidelines. Note: Duplicate question; consider removing.
Question 2 of 5
A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client’s plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, can cause hyperkalemia. Limiting high-potassium foods (
C) prevents this risk. Salt substitutes (
A) often contain potassium, worsening hyperkalemia. Sun protection (
B) and bruising (
D) are unrelated to spironolactone’s primary risks.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with nasal congestion has been prescribed phenylephrine 10 mg by mouth every 4 hours. What patient condition should the nurse report to the healthcare provider before administering the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenylephrine, a decongestant, can raise blood pressure, making hypertension (
A) a contraindication requiring provider consultation. Bronchitis (
B), diarrhea (
C), and edema (
D) are not directly affected by phenylephrine.
Question 4 of 5
Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a client who is receiving insulin lispro?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin lispro, a rapid-acting insulin, peaks quickly and should be given with meals (
C) to match food intake and prevent hypoglycemia. Assessing for hypoglycemia (
A) and keeping glucose sources (
D) are important but secondary. Six-hour glucose checks (
B) are too infrequent.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client with acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate treats hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium for potassium. A potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (
A) indicates effectiveness (normal range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L). Hemoglobin (
B), glucose (
C), and ammonia (
D) are unrelated to its action.