HESI RN
Care Hope College RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with type I diabetes mellitus has been prescribed a glucagon emergency kit for home use. When should the nurse instruct the client and family to administer glucagon?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This question is identical to Question 25. Glucagon is for severe hypoglycemia (
B), not hyperglycemia (
A), sick days (
C), or ketoacidosis (
D). Note: Duplicate question; consider removing.
Question 2 of 5
A female patient who follows a vegetarian diet has recently been prescribed warfarin. She mentions that she consumes leafy green vegetables daily. What should be the nurse’s response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Leafy greens, high in vitamin K, can reduce warfarin’s anticoagulant effect. Informing the provider (
C) ensures dose adjustment. Praising (
A) or assuring enhanced efficacy (
B) ignores the interaction. Substituting vegetables (
D) is unnecessary with proper monitoring.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client with acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate treats hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium for potassium. A potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (
A) indicates effectiveness (normal range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L). Hemoglobin (
B), glucose (
C), and ammonia (
D) are unrelated to its action.
Question 4 of 5
Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a client who is receiving insulin lispro?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin lispro, a rapid-acting insulin, peaks quickly and should be given with meals (
C) to match food intake and prevent hypoglycemia. Assessing for hypoglycemia (
A) and keeping glucose sources (
D) are important but secondary. Six-hour glucose checks (
B) are too infrequent.
Question 5 of 5
When administering medications to a group of patients, which patient should the nurse closely monitor for the development of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vancomycin (
A) is nephrotoxic and requires monitoring for AKI, especially with high doses or prolonged use. Sucralfate (
B) protects the stomach, not kidneys. Lorazepam (
C) and digoxin (
D) have minimal renal toxicity risks.