HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus arrives to the clinic reporting episodes of weakness and palpitations. Which finding is most important for the nurse to monitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weakness and palpitations suggest hypoglycemia, with excessive perspiration (diaphoresis) being a classic symptom, indicating the body's response to low blood sugar, requiring immediate monitoring.
Question 2 of 5
An infant born 2 days ago has not passed a meconium stool and begins to vomit bilious secretions. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gathering IV supplies addresses the risk of dehydration and shock from vomiting and possible bowel obstruction, which is the priority. Other actions are less urgent.
Question 3 of 5
In assessing a client with skin ulcers on the lower extremity, which findings indicate that the ulcers are likely to be of venous, rather than arterial, origin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Venous ulcers are characterized by irregular shapes and severe edema due to venous hypertension, unlike arterial ulcers which present with signs of poor perfusion like absent pulses or cool skin.
Question 4 of 5
A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is preparing for discharge following a transurethral needle ablation (TUNA). Which information should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring the urinary stream for decreased output is critical post-TUNA to detect complications like re-obstruction, which could indicate issues with the procedure's effectiveness or healing process.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who had an appendectomy 4 hours ago. Which finding requires immediate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A high-pitched sound (stridor) upon inspiration suggests airway obstruction, a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate action to ensure airway patency and adequate oxygenation post-surgery.