HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in this patient’s plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, risks hyperkalemia. Limiting high-potassium foods (
B) prevents toxicity. Salt substitutes (
A) often contain potassium, worsening hyperkalemia. Skin protection (
C) and bruising (
D) are unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
A client is scheduled for a spiral computed topography (CT) scan with contrast to evaluate for pulmonary embolism. Which information in the client’s history requires follow-up by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin risks lactic acidosis with contrast dye due to renal effects. Follow-up (
B) ensures temporary discontinuation. Prior CT (
A), prosthesis (
C), and sobriety (
D) are less critical.
Question 3 of 5
The health care provider prescribes the antilipemic lovastatin for a client who has exhibited a consistently elevated serum cholesterol level. In evaluating the client’s treatment regimen, which remark by the client indicates to the nurse that the client understands the drug’s treatment protocol?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lovastatin risks hepatotoxicity; avoiding alcohol (
B) reduces liver strain, indicating understanding. Stopping when cholesterol lowers (
A) is incorrect; it’s long-term. Diet restrictions persist (
C). WBC monitoring (
D) is unnecessary.
Question 4 of 5
A female client with a history of peptic ulcer disease receives a prescription for misoprostol. Which information provided by the client indicates to the nurse a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Misoprostol risks fetal harm, requiring contraception (
B), pregnancy notification (
C), and a negative pregnancy test before starting (
D). Starting before menstruation (
A) is incorrect, needing teaching.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing action had the highest priority when administering a dose of codeine with acetaminophen to a client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Codeine causes sedation and dizziness, increasing fall risk. Instructing assistance for ambulation (
C) prioritizes safety. Onset time (
A), constipation prevention (
B), and pain relief reporting (
D) are secondary.