HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who is taking an oral contraceptive receives a new prescription for erythromycin. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client? Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erythromycin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives by increasing the metabolism of the hormones, leading to a higher risk of unintended pregnancy. Using an additional form of contraception, such as condoms, is recommended to prevent unintended pregnancy while taking both medications.
Extract:
History and physical
The client is a 36-year-old female with moderate persistent asthma. She takes fluticasone/salmeterol 250 mcg/50 mcg, 1 inhalation twice daily, and albuterol 90 mcg/inhalation, 2 inhalations every 4 to 6 hours PRN.
Nurses notes
The client reports that she has had more severe asthma symptoms than usual in the past week. Her forced expiratory volume has been 60 to 65% even with multiple doses of albuterol for several days in a row. She came to the hospital feeling dizzy, lightheaded, and reporting “heart palpitations.” Upon assessment, no wheezes were found. Her oxygen saturation is 99% on room air.
Question 2 of 5
Review H and P, and nurse’s note. Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client’s progress.
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Tachydysrhythmia from albuterol overuse requires monitoring (
A) and cautious albuterol use (
C). Breath sounds (
A) and airway edema (H) assess respiratory status.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A client is receiving orlistat as part of a weight management program. Which ongoing assessment should be included in the plan of care to determine the effectiveness of the medication? Which ongoing assessment should be included in the plan of care to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orlistat reduces fat absorption to aid weight loss. Monitoring BMI, calculated from height and weight, directly assesses weight changes, making it the most relevant measure of the medication’s effectiveness.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse? Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission, it does not completely prevent it. The statement that it 'prevents' transmission overstates the effect, as preventive measures like condoms are still recommended despite an undetectable viral load.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client is a 54-year-old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. He takes spironolactone 25 mg PO daily, metformin 500 mg PO twice a day, and insulin glargine 25 units SUBQ daily.
Nurses’ Notes
Day 1
The client is in the healthcare provider’s (HCP) office for a physical. He reports that he has been monitoring his blood pressure, but it is continuing to go up.
Laboratory Results
Day 1
Reference
Laboratory Test Result Range
Hemoglobin A1C 6.8% 4 to 5.9%
Day 1
• Prescription for captopril 25 mg PO twice a day (BID)
• Draw serum HbA1C
Question 5 of 5
The healthcare provider (HCP) has given the client a prescription for captopril. Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statements by selecting from the lists of options provided. Captopril is a(n) ___ that works by ___.
Correct Answer: A,G
Rationale: Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, promotes vasodilation by blocking angiotensin II formation, reducing blood pressure.