HESI RN
RN HESI Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client receives a prescription for allopurinol. Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse? Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Doubling the dose of allopurinol if a dose is missed is incorrect and dangerous, as it can increase the risk of toxicity. The client should take the missed dose as soon as remembered, unless it’s nearly time for the next dose, then continue the regular schedule.
Question 2 of 5
A female client starts a new prescription, oxybutynin, for symptoms of an overactive bladder. The client tells the nurse that she is training to run in a half-marathon. Which instruction should the nurse emphasize? Which instruction should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin reduces sweating, increasing the risk of dehydration and overheating during exercise. Emphasizing hydration and heat precautions is critical for safety.
Question 3 of 5
A client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes insipidus (DI) is receiving synthetic vasopressin intravenously. Which side effect of vasopressin reported by the client should the nurse report to the healthcare provider? Which side effect of vasopressin reported by the client should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Worsening headache may indicate water intoxication or hyponatremia, serious complications of vasopressin therapy, requiring immediate reporting.
Extract:
History and physical
A 23-year-old female presents to the emergency department with altered mental status. She is accompanied by her roommate. The roommate says that symptoms started around 0900 today and have progressively worsened. She says the client first appeared euphoric but would switch to being irritable. The client also reported diarrhea and nausea. The client is combative. The client has a history of major depressive disorder and is being treated with paroxetine 50 mg PO once daily.
Nurses notes
1830
The nurse notes significant diaphoresis. The client appears confused and disoriented to person, place, and time. Lung sounds are clear. No arrhythmia is noted. Palpated pulses are strong and bounding. Capillary refill is
Flowsheet
Day 1, 1830
Vital Signs
• Temperature 102°F (38.8°C)
• Heart rate 118 beats/minute
• Respirations 16 breaths/minute
• Blood pressure 168/94 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 97% on room air
• Height 5 feet, 4 inches (64 cm)
• Weight 136 pounds (61.6 kg)
Question 4 of 5
Which assessment findings require follow-up by the nurse? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Myoclonus, fever, hypertension, altered mental status, tachycardia, and diaphoresis suggest serotonin syndrome, requiring immediate follow-up.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
The nurse observes that a client has become lethargic 30 minutes after receiving an opioid injection for pain. Which vital sign should the nurse obtain first? Which vital sign should the nurse obtain first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Opioids can cause respiratory depression, a life-threatening side effect. Assessing respiratory rate first ensures the client’s airway and breathing are adequate.